نړيوال ښکيلاک او د لرو بر افغان دازادۍ غورځنګ
داوګست پنځلسمه دهيواددنجات ورځ ؟؟
ډاکتر څپاند
14.08.2009
داوګست پنځلسمه دهيواددنجات ورځ ؟؟
.com
Friday, August 14, 2009
World World
AfricaAmericasAsia PacificEuropeMiddle EastU.S. N.Y. / Region Business Technology Science Health Sports Opinion Arts Style Travel Jobs Real Estate Autos
Advertise on NYTimes.com
AFGHAN PRESIDENT OUSTED AS REBELS APPROACH CAPITAL
By EDWARD A. GARGAN,
Published: Friday, April 17, 1992
Sign in to Recommend
Sign In to E-Mail
Print
Single-Page
Reprints
ShareClose
LinkedinDiggFacebookMixxMySpaceYahoo! BuzzPermalink(Page 2 of 2)
Even as the coalition from the north moved close to the periphery of the capital, there were reports from Peshawar, the Pakistani city where most of the rebel groups have maintained offices, that units of the rigidly fundamentalist Hezb-i-Islami group were approaching Kabul from the south.
The northern forces are led by Ahmad Shah Masoud, who like many of the men he commands in the Jamiat-i-Islami guerrilla group, is an ethnic Tajik, related by kinship ties and language to people living in the north and in Tajikistan.
This force, regarded as the most powerful of the rebel armies, has had significant differences with the Hezb-i-Islami, which is led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, a member of Afghanistan's dominant ethnic group, the Pushtuns. There have been violent clashes between the two groups in the past.
United Nations officials in Islamabad today expressed concern that if both forces charged into Kabul, the city could become a battleground for control of the country. In Islamabad, leaders of Pakistan, which has provided bases and sanctuary for both guerrilla groups as well as several others, appealed to all rebel forces to halt their advances short of Kabul. Attack on Capital?
In Peshawar, a spokesman for the Hezb-i-Islami, Nawab Saleem, warned that "either they transfer power to the mujahedeen or we will attack the city." Mujahedeen is the term Afghans use to refer to the Islamic guerrillas.
Whether in fact Mr. Hekmatyar's forces are capable of assaulting the capital is uncertain. Last month, diplomats in Kabul tended to disparage his military capabilities.
Mr. Najibullah, a former head of the secret police, astounded intelligence officials and Western diplomats with his staying power. It was widely assumed that Mr. Najibullah's Government would collapse within months, if not weeks, of the Soviet withdrawal. That he lasted three years after his patrons left drew grudging admiration from many Western diplomats, although they were reluctant to say so publicly. Arms Supplies Cut Off
Last year, Washington and Moscow agreed to stop supplying weapons to both sides of the conflict, and in January, Pakistan, which had vigorously supported the Islamic guerrilla forces, also halted arms shipments. It appeared then, both because of the end of the weapons flow and because of the increasingly divisive conflicts among guerrilla groups, that the Islamic guerrillas had failed in their struggle.
But the events of the last month, and particularly the last 10 days, showed that the greatest threat to the Kabul Government came not so much from the Islamic rebels as from defecting army and militia units. Those defections appear to have fatally undermined Mr. Najibullah's chances of transferring power in an orderly manner under the United Nations plan.
Mr. Wakil evaded questions about Mr. Najibullah's whereabouts. "Use your professional skills to find him," the A.P. quoted him as saying.
In Paris, the resignation of Mr. Najibullah was greeted with pleasure. "France rejoices at the resignation of Najibullah," said Maurice Gourdault-Montaigne, the deputy spokesman for the Foreign Ministry. He called on "all Afghan parties to exercise moderation" and to cooperate with the United Nations envoy, Mr. Sevan.
Throughout the day, according to United Nations officials in Islamabad, Mr. Sevan met with Watan Party leaders as well as the Foreign Minister in an effort to keep his peace plan alive. Rather than return to Islamabad as he had planned, Mr. Sevan sent his plane back but stayed in the capital to continue his discussions.
One week ago, it appeared that a long-gestating United Nations peace plan was about to be put into effect. But then, with a suddenness that surprised both United Nations officials and diplomats, the military situation in the north of the country changed dramatically as the leading Islamic rebel commander announced alliances with defecting army and militia generals. Fall of Air Base
In short order, their combined forces swept south, cut Kabul off from its northern supply routes, captured two major towns and overran Bagram Air Base, the Government's most important military airfield, only 35 miles north of the capital. Those assaults left the Islamic rebels within easy range of Kabul. Other Islamic guerrilla forces were said to be advancing on the capital from the south.
Without a head of state, diplomats here and in Islamabad said it was uncertain how decisions would be made in Kabul and, if there was any hope for Mr. Sevan's plan, how decisions to put it into effect would be made. Nonetheless, an A.P. reporter in Kabul said the capital remained quiet with people going about their business calmly.
Photo: President Najibullah last month. (Edward A. Gargan/The New York Times) Chronology: "Exhausted by War but Deeply Divided" July 1973 -- A coup ends the 40-year reign of King Mohamed Zahir Shah, who goes into exile in Rome. The coup leader, Gen. Mohammad Daud, proclaims a republic but rules in an authoritarian fashion. April 1978 -- Daud is killed in a coup. The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan forms a pro-Soviet Government led by Noor Mohammed Taraki. September 1979 -- Taraki is killed and Hafizullah Amin, his Prime Minister, takes power. December -- The Soviet Union begins wide-scale intervention in support of the Afghan Government, sending the first of more than 100,000 troops to fight Muslim guerrillas. Amin is killed and is replaced by Taraki's Vice President, Babrak Karmal, who returns from exile in Moscow. May 1986 -- Karmal is replaced by Najibullah, chief of the Afghan secret service. Fighting intensifies toward the end of the year when the Muslim guerrillas, based in Pakistan, receive weapons from the United States. January 1987 -- Najibullah announces a program of national reconciliation to draw the resistance into a power-sharing deal. The rebels refuse. April 1988 -- Afghanistan and Pakistan sign an accord clearing the way for the Soviet Army's departure, but the guerrillas continue the fighting. February 1989 -- The last of 15,000 Soviet soldiers departs. June 1990 -- In a move to distance himself from his Marxist past, Najibullah makes constitutional reforms. April 1991 -- After almost a decade of fighting, the guerrillas capture the southern city of Khost, handing Najibullah his biggest military setback. May -- United Nations Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar announces a peace plan. September -- The United States and the Soviet Union agree to end all military aid to the two sides in the civil war by the end of the year. January 1992 -- Pakistan cuts off military aid to the Afghan rebels and endorses the United Nations peace initiative. March 18 -- Najibullah offers to transfer power to an interim government that is to be established under the United Nations plan. Many of the guerrilla factions say they will keep fighting. April 10 -- The new United Nations Secretary General, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, says warring parties have agreed to form a "pre-transition council" that will hand over power to an interim government. April 15 -- Muslim rebels claim control of the country's main military base, 35 miles north of the capital. April 16 -- Najibullah is ousted from power. (Source: Associated Press) (pg. A10) Map of Afghanistan showing location of Kabul. (pg. A1)
ډاکتر څپاند
15.08.2009
صف بندی های قوميي در دور دوم انتخابات افغانستان
تمام قراین بیانگر این حقیقت اند که در دور اول انتخابات ریاست جمهوری که بتاریخ 20 اگست صورت خواهد گرفت ،هیچ کاندید بیش از پنجاه درصد آ را را بدست آورده نخواهد توانست.
چون در افغانستان به استثنای نهضت فراگیر هیچ حزب سیاسی سراسری دیگر وجود ندارد، صف بندی های دور دوم رنگ قومی اختیار خواهند کرد.در یک طرف حامد کرزی ، اشرف غنی احمدزی ،میرویس یاسینی و سایر کاندید های پشتون و در طرف مقابل رمضان بشر دوست ، عبدالله عبدالله وسایر کاندید های غیر پشتون صف بندی خواهند کرد .حبیب منگل و نیروهای ترقیخواه افغانستان در موقف حکم یا King maker قرار خواهند گرفت یعنی به هریک از دو کاندیدی که در دور دوم انتخابات باقی می مانند رای بدهند همان شخص انتخاب خواهد شد.
بنابرین در انتخابات امسال یا داکتر حبیب منگل به دور دوم انتخابات ارتقا خواهد کرد و یا نیروهاییکه به دور حبیب منگل جمع شده و به ا و رای داده انددر دور دوم به هر کاندید که رای بدهند همان کاندید به حیث رئیس جمهور آ ینده افغانستان انتخاب خواهدشد .
اگر تحریم طالبان بالای رای دهندگان اثر بگذارد و تعداد زیاد مردم در انتخابات شرکت نکنند ، بیشتر در مناطق شرق و جنوب افغانستان از هدایت طالبان پیروی خواهند کرد و این همان مناطقی اند که اغلبا به حامد کرزی باید رای بدهند. بنابرین در نتیجۀ این تحریم ، محترم حامد کرزی در دور اول انتخابات « ناک اوت » خواهند شد.یعنی رئیس جمهور برحال مقام سوم یا چهارم را کسب خواهند کرد . هراس ایشان از اشتراک در مباحثات انتخاباتی وعدم شرکت ایشان در مناظره تلویزیونی این روند « ناک اوت »را تشدید خواهد کرد .اګر محترم ډاکتر اشرف غني احمدزی بنابرتوطۀ دشمنان وطن
نتواند پيشقدم شود،احتمالا،وبنابر تجارب منطقوی و جهاني ،شايد در دور دوم انتخابات داکتر عبدالله و داکتر حبیب منگل باقی بمانند. این دو کاندید هر دو به شکلی طرفداران تمام اقوام افغانستان را با خود دارند. اکثر نظر سنجی ها نیز تا کنون این دو کاندید را در مقام اول یا دوم نشان میدهند به استثنای سروی های دستوری و فرمایشی که به پول حکومت های خارجی راه اندازی می شوند.
در حالت رویارویی داکتر عبدالله و داکتر حبیب منگل حامیان حامد کرزی به داکتر عبدالله و طرفداران داکترغني و داکتر بشر دوست که اکثر آنها متعلق به اقشار مستضعفین هستند به داکتر حبیب منگل رای خواهند داد به این ترتیب انتخابات به هیچ صورت خصلت قومی پیدا نخواهد کرد .
هيواد دوست
15.08.2009
ګوړه ګوړه وایه خوله به دې خوږه وي
په مينه
روان
19.08.2009
حبيب منګل د روسانو په نوکري کي خو هيڅ شک نشته خو عبدالله + عبدالله ملي خائن، واقعي وطنپلوره د لويو جنايت کارانو استازی، ډله ائزه قاتل او د ګردنو غل ضرور دی .
که د ببرکي پرچميانو زړه ورته ښه وي زياته د تعجب وړ خبره نده ٠ پرون روسانو دا کار د محمود بريالي په وسيله د عبداله عبداله د امر صيب لعنت اله عليهم سره د وطن د بربادی په خاطر جوړه کړې وه، نن به دا کار په عبداله او منګل کوي !
خو د نن ورځي انداز بيا بل شاني دی !!
دغه لاندي يوټيوب ته د ثبات غوندي شر اندازانو پاملرنه را ګرژوم .
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sW1P9tZzB9o
په ډرناوی
ډاکټر څپاند
19.08.2009
روان خانه،خدای مکړه په رواني ناروغۍ اخته شوی ئې :o
ما هيڅکله دعبداله نه دفاع نده کړی٠زه ئی د٣٢ کالو راهيسي پيژنم،دی اول
ماويست وه،اوبيا دبهريو چارو دمعاون،ډاکتر غلام حيدر رضا په ذريعه چه دده همصنفی وو،دغرب جاسوسۍ ته استخدام شو ٠
مګر زه نه پوهيږم چه دا خوب دی چرته ليدلی٠
مګر بيا هم مننه چه دا وديو دی نشر ته وسپارله،ځکه چه ما ددهدغلاوو په
هکله اوريدلي ول مګر دده خپل اقرار مي نه وو ليدلی٠
